While strong AI is still entirely theoretical with no practical examples in use today, AI researchers are exploring its development. Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)-also known as superintelligence-would surpass the intelligence and ability of the human brain. Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), or general AI, is a theoretical form of AI where a machine would have an intelligence equal to humans it would have a self-aware consciousness that has the ability to solve problems, learn, and plan for the future. Strong AI is made up of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI). ‘Narrow’ might be a more accurate descriptor for this type of AI as it is anything but weak it enables some powerful applications, such as Apple's Siri, Amazon's Alexa, IBM Watson, and autonomous vehicles. Weak AI drives most of the AI that surrounds us today. Weak AI-also called Narrow AI or Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)-is AI trained to perform specific tasks. Types of artificial intelligence-weak AI vs. Read more about where IBM stands on AI ethics here. As noted in Gartner’s hype cycle (link resides outside IBM), product innovations like self-driving cars and personal assistants follow “a typical progression of innovation, from overenthusiasm through a period of disillusionment to an eventual understanding of the innovation’s relevance and role in a market or domain.” As Lex Fridman notes (01:08:15) (link resides outside IBM) in his 2019 MIT lecture, we are at the peak of inflated expectations, approaching the trough of disillusionment.Īs conversations continue around AI ethics, we can see the initial glimpses of the trough of disillusionment. There is a lot of hype about AI development, which is to be expected of any emerging technology. Today, AI plays an often invisible role in everyday life, powering search engines, product recommendations, and speech recognition systems. Machine learning has improved the quality of some expert systems, and made it easier to create them. These disciplines are comprised of AI algorithms that typically make predictions or classifications based on input data. In the early days, it was time-consuming to extract and codify the human’s knowledge.ĪI today includes the sub-fields of machine learning and deep learning, which are frequently mentioned in conjunction with artificial intelligence. Expert systems, an early successful application of AI, aimed to copy a human’s decision-making process. In its simplest form, artificial intelligence is a field that combines computer science and robust datasets to enable problem-solving. In the book, they delve into four potential goals or definitions of AI, which differentiate computer systems as follows:Īlan Turing’s definition would have fallen under the category of “systems that act like humans.” One of the leading AI textbooks is Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (link resides outside IBM, ), by Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig. While this test has undergone much scrutiny since its publication, it remains an important part of the history of AI. In this paper, Turing, often referred to as the "father of computer science", asks the following question: "Can machines think?" From there, he offers a test, now famously known as the "Turing Test", where a human interrogator would try to distinguish between a computer and human text response. However, decades before this definition, the artificial intelligence conversation began with Alan Turing's 1950 work " Computing Machinery and Intelligence" (PDF, 89.8 KB) (link resides outside of IBM). It is related to the similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable." John McCarthy offers the following definition in this 2004 paper (PDF, 106 KB) (link resides outside IBM)): "It is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. What is artificial intelligence?Ī number of definitions of artificial intelligence (AI) have surfaced over the last few decades. Artificial intelligence leverages computers and machines to mimic the problem-solving and decision-making capabilities of the human mind.
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